Webshortall’s book is structured chronologically in three parts: Webthis article is designed to make a contribution to a more theorised and historically located understanding of the secular, of secularisation and of secularism and. Webswimming against the tide of the modern zeitgeist. Websecularism is not the absence of belief in god, but a modern phenomenon of understanding god as one option among others. Secularism is also a negation of. Webthe challenge of secularism must be met on the cultural level, asserts christopher dawson, noted catholic historian. Christianity can never compete with the mass culture.